Factors Which Influence t he Rates of Reaction Essays - Chemistry

Factors Which Influence t he Rates of Reaction Essays - Chemistry Factors Which Influence t he Rates of Reaction Introduction The purpose of this lab is to research the factors which makes the rates of reaction to change. The meaning of rate of reaction is how fast it takes for a chemical reaction to occur. Some factors that affect the rate of reactions are the nature of the chemical reactant which is the chemical formation of the substance we use determines how fast it will react. The concentration of reactant which is if the reactant concentration is increased, it will increase the rate of reaction. The temperature , if the temperature increases so does the reaction. The surface area in reaction , rate of reaction occurs faster in solids or liquids. The catalyst , by lowering the activated energy, a catalyst will increase the rate of reaction. Materials Goggles Zinc (Zn) Sulfuric Acid (H 2 SO 4 ) Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) Phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) Hydrogen Peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) Copper (Cu) Magnesium (Mg) Lead (Pb) Iron (Fe) Test tubes Water (H 2 O) 24-well test plate Beaker Bunsen Burner Ring Ring stand Wire gauze Plastic Pipet Experimental Nature of the Reactant: Take 6 pieces of zinc in a test tube and add sulfuric acid to clean the zinc. Pour out the acid in the sink and pour phosphoric acid into two wells. Place one clean zinc and one unclean zinc in each well. Record the results. Pour acetic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and hydrochloric acid in a well. Place one clean zinc in each well and record the results. Pour hydrochloric acid in 5 wells. Place 1 piece of clean lead, iron, zinc, magnesium, and copper in each well and record the results. Concentration: Using a pipet, add 60 drops of water in one well, 40 drops in the second well, and no drops in the third well . Add 20 drops of HCl to the first well, 40 drops to the second well, and 80 drops to the third well. Place a piece of clean zinc in each well and record results. Pour out acid in the sink and keep used zinc. Temperature: Add 5ml of HCl into three test tubes. Leave the first test tube at room temperature. Using Bunsen burner and ring stand, place the second test tube into a beaker with water and bring it to a boil. Place the third test tube into ice w ater . Place a piece of clean zinc into each test tube and record results. Surface Area: Add 5 ml of HCl into two test tubes. Add one piece of clean in one test tube and 0.25 g of powdered zinc to the other test tube. Record results. Pour the acids into the sink. Catalyst: Add 5 ml of hydrogen peroxide into two test tubes. Place 5 drops of water into one test tube and 5 drops of FeCl 3 to the other test tube. Record the results. Results: Nature of the Reactants: Observation: Clean Zinc (Zn) + H 2 SO 4 : instant bubbles. Zinc did not dissolve. Clean Zinc (Zn) + H 3 PO 4 : softly bubbles Clean Zinc (Zn) + CH 3 COOH: unchanged Clean Zinc (Zn) + HCl: instant bubbles. Zinc dissolves eventually Explanation: Based on the characteristics of bubbles and the zinc dissolving, there was a reaction with acids except for CH 3 COOH. With HCl having the fastest reaction. Order of Acid Reaction: HCl H 2 SO 4 H 3 PO 4 CH 3 COOH Nature of the Reactants: Observation: HCl + Copper (Cu) : unchanged HCl + Lead (Pb) : barely any bubbles HCl + Zinc (Zn) : instant bubbles, dissolves eventually HCl + Iron (Fe) : unchanged HCl + Magnesium (Mg) : Bubbles, fizz, odor, and dissolves Explanation: Based on the characteristics of bubbles, fizzing, odor, and metals dissolving, there were a reaction with Pb, Zn, and Mg. Mg having the fastest reaction and Cu and Fe having no reaction at all. Depending on which metal it is, will determine the rate of reaction. Order of Reaction : Mg Zn Pb Fe Cu Concentration

HR & Communication in Projects - Communication Plan Coursework

HR & Communication in Projects - Communication Plan - Coursework Example The aim of this plan is to define and identify the roles to be played by the people taking part in this project. The Denver International Airport project entails the design and construction of a new airport that is founded on a â€Å"Home-on-the-Range† design since Denver City needs a broadly open entry point for people visiting it (Kerzner, 2012). The airport is supposed to maintain a distinctive appearance that will make it easily identifiable by the travellers and this design should meet the specifications of Denver City (Henkin, 2012). The new airport is supposed to allow more traffic in and out, and at the same time decrease congestion through improving the runways to create a more efficient operation of the regional airspace. This will considerable decrease delays as well as the costs associated with operating airlines. The new airport is also supposed to result in considerable reduction in noise impact as its construction is taking place on a comparatively site which is not populated (Dempsey, Goetz & Szyliowicz, 1997). The walking distances for the passengers will be greatly red uced by the overall layout, which also boasts of a greater interior design and curb appeal. Further, the operations of the airlines will be expected to run more smoothly as a result of the new baggage system along with various other specialty systems. Construction is supposed to start in 1989 and the project team has started collecting various requirements to make sure if a successful achievement of the project objectives. In the process of the implementation of the project plan for the Denver International Airport, it is important that timely and effective communication be in place for the various parties who will be affected by its results. The project manager will be required to take a practical role in making sure the communication associated with the project is effective. A

Discuss the cellular basis of diastolic dysfunction Essay

Discuss the cellular basis of diastolic dysfunction - Essay Example This phase comprises of the systole. As soon as the systole begins, the mitral and tricuspid valves shut close tightly in order to prevent any backflow of blood into the atria. At the same time, the pulmonary and the aortic valves are pushed open, leading to a flow of blood from right ventricle to lungs and from the left ventricle to the whole body, after getting oxygenated from the lungs. In the patients with diastolic dysfunction, the ventricles fail to relax normally during this phase of cardiac cycle. This leads to an increase in the pressure inside the ventricles when the blood returns from the second heart beat. This pressure is thus transferred to the lungs vasculature as well, leading to the pulmonary congestion as well as to the blood vessels, returning back to the heart, leading to the systemic congestion. The primary abnormality in left diastolic dysfunction is the left ventricular relaxation. This results in a high diastolic pressure along with the poor filling of the ventricles. As a compensatory mechanism, the left atrial pressure increases in order to increase the diastolic filling. This increase in the left atrial pressure continues, until it exceeds the hydrostatic and oncotic pressures in the pulmonary capillaries and eventually leading to pulmonary edema. These patients generally show the symptoms of exertion when there is a reduction in the ventricular filling time, during the times of increased cardiac activity. The circulating catecholamines further worsen the whole scenario. [5] According to Michael R. Zile, MD, Charles Ezra Daniel, Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina; the difference between the systolic heart failure and the diastolic heart failure lies in the amount of ejection fraction during the two conditions. In systolic heart failure, there is heart failure, but with a decreased ejection fraction, while in

Spoil the Parenting Essay Example for Free

Spoil the Parenting Essay In the essay entitled Spare the Rod, Spoil the Parenting, Pitts argues that the traditional, sweeping concept about corporal punishment is no longer acceptable, maintaining that the minor punishment like spanking or swatting the butt of children should be distinguished from the harsher punishments such as the â€Å"shaking and blows to the head or face.† In effect, he does not agree with the idea that all corporal or bodily punishments, notwithstanding their severity, should be considered de facto child abuse (Pitts). He presented several reasons why a reasonable corporal punishment like spanking should not be considered child abuse. First, he argued that spanking should not be equated with stomping, punching, or scalding because they are simply not the same. Second, according to him, it has never been proven with certainty that spanking, as previously claimed by some, leads to mentally unstable children. As a matter of fact, Pitts cited the study conducted by Dr. Diana Baumrind of the University of California which refuted this argument. Third, the suggestion that parents should resort to negotiation instead of applying reasonable corporal punishment is just not feasible because a five-year-old, for instance, would rather scream than talk things over. According to him, negotiating with a child accomplishes nothing more than propping up the child’s self-esteem which leads him or her to the dangerous belief that he or she is in charge (Pitts). Pitts considered spanking a corrective measure which should be applied in order to let the child know who is in charge. According to him, when parents fail in this role, children grow up without respect for adult authority. He explained that history is replete with horror stories involving persons who grew up in such an environment. However, he agreed with those who oppose spanking or corporal punishment, per se, when they say that corporal punishment is not a panacea or a cure-all solution for misbehaving children. He clarified that child-rearing does not only require â€Å"discipline, but also humor, love and some luck.† In the end, Pitts urges parents to take charge, declare a â€Å"benign dictatorship† as our culture dictates. The alternative, he says, are children â€Å"poisoned by self-esteem† and â€Å"self-centered adult[s] ill-equipped to deal with the vagaries and reversals of life† (Pitts).   Work Cited Pitts, Leonard, Jr. â€Å"Spare the Rod, Spoil the Parenting.† Attachment to order #71157717.

How Sainsburys Has Used Performance Management to Increase their Qualit

How Sainsburys Has Used Performance Management to Increase their Quality of Service   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This report will show how Sainsburys have used performance management to increase their ability to provide a quality service and gain a competitive advantage, it will also show how systems have been implemented to achieve this and what Sainsburys have changed in recent years to achieve the competitive advantage it was looking for, The main area Sainsburys have changed is there Supply chain which had a cost gap of around  £60 million. It will also look at how the operations functions carried out by Sainsburys can be linked in with other areas of the business like Finance, Human Resource Management and Marketing. The main contents of this report will be based on the theory about performance management; it will start with a section explaining what the theory is and how it is generally applied in business. It will also contain my own experiences and insight into how operations have had an effect from my own viewpoint. It will have a conclusion on how I believe my ex periences of operations management has helped me and or hindered Sainsburys. There will also be a report conclusion showing how I think Sainsburys operations strategies have evolved over time. Theory   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This section will be looking at the theory which will be applied to Sainsburys and how it can be applied in this way. The main theories I will be looking at will be Capacity management, Open Systems, Quality Management, Performance Management and how Socio-technical Systems can be implemented into Sainsburys business. Capacity Management The meaning of capacity itself is being the ability to produce work in a given time, must be measured in the unit of work. There are three main types of Capacity management when looked at through operations. These are †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Potential Capacity The capacity that can be made available to influence the planning of senior management (e.g. in helping them to make decisions about overall business growth, investment etc). This is essentially a long-term decision that does not influence day-to-day production management †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Immediate Capacity The amount of production capacity that can be made available in the short-term. This is the maximum potential capacity - assuming that it is used productively †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Effective Capacity An important concept. Not all produc... ...y chain transformation, â€Å"the biggest project of its kind in Europe and one of the largest in the world†, was still out. A newspaper commentary summarized the concerns: â€Å"The UK’s number two is meeting turnaround targets set by Sir Peter Davis, CEO, two years ago. But the complexity of Sainsbury’s regimen means its healthy overall financial appearance could disguise selective bingeing. Growth has still lagged behind that of market leader Tesco, and Tesco has a lower investment as a percentage of sales. Sainsbury is recovering from a disastrous patch in the late 1990s. It is on target to achieve the  £700 million of cost savings promised by 2004, and margins seem to be creeping slowly towards its targeted 5.5%. But it can hide behind its cost savings while it buys time to demonstrate that improvements in the brand and supply chain will have a sustainable impact on its competitive position. They might. But investors need stronger sales momentum to give them comfort, especially as the market becomes more difficult and competitors such as ASDA continue to outperform. Until Sainsbury’s shows it is building up muscle - not just shedding fat - fitter rival Tesco deserves its 15% premium.† How Sainsburys Has Used Performance Management to Increase their Qualit How Sainsburys Has Used Performance Management to Increase their Quality of Service   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This report will show how Sainsburys have used performance management to increase their ability to provide a quality service and gain a competitive advantage, it will also show how systems have been implemented to achieve this and what Sainsburys have changed in recent years to achieve the competitive advantage it was looking for, The main area Sainsburys have changed is there Supply chain which had a cost gap of around  £60 million. It will also look at how the operations functions carried out by Sainsburys can be linked in with other areas of the business like Finance, Human Resource Management and Marketing. The main contents of this report will be based on the theory about performance management; it will start with a section explaining what the theory is and how it is generally applied in business. It will also contain my own experiences and insight into how operations have had an effect from my own viewpoint. It will have a conclusion on how I believe my ex periences of operations management has helped me and or hindered Sainsburys. There will also be a report conclusion showing how I think Sainsburys operations strategies have evolved over time. Theory   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This section will be looking at the theory which will be applied to Sainsburys and how it can be applied in this way. The main theories I will be looking at will be Capacity management, Open Systems, Quality Management, Performance Management and how Socio-technical Systems can be implemented into Sainsburys business. Capacity Management The meaning of capacity itself is being the ability to produce work in a given time, must be measured in the unit of work. There are three main types of Capacity management when looked at through operations. These are †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Potential Capacity The capacity that can be made available to influence the planning of senior management (e.g. in helping them to make decisions about overall business growth, investment etc). This is essentially a long-term decision that does not influence day-to-day production management †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Immediate Capacity The amount of production capacity that can be made available in the short-term. This is the maximum potential capacity - assuming that it is used productively †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Effective Capacity An important concept. Not all produc... ...y chain transformation, â€Å"the biggest project of its kind in Europe and one of the largest in the world†, was still out. A newspaper commentary summarized the concerns: â€Å"The UK’s number two is meeting turnaround targets set by Sir Peter Davis, CEO, two years ago. But the complexity of Sainsbury’s regimen means its healthy overall financial appearance could disguise selective bingeing. Growth has still lagged behind that of market leader Tesco, and Tesco has a lower investment as a percentage of sales. Sainsbury is recovering from a disastrous patch in the late 1990s. It is on target to achieve the  £700 million of cost savings promised by 2004, and margins seem to be creeping slowly towards its targeted 5.5%. But it can hide behind its cost savings while it buys time to demonstrate that improvements in the brand and supply chain will have a sustainable impact on its competitive position. They might. But investors need stronger sales momentum to give them comfort, especially as the market becomes more difficult and competitors such as ASDA continue to outperform. Until Sainsbury’s shows it is building up muscle - not just shedding fat - fitter rival Tesco deserves its 15% premium.†

Cell Phone Usage in School Should Be Banned

Kaitlyn Sebastian Cell Phone Usage in School In a Wireless survey, it has been said that 91% of Americans use a cell phone. These devices have majorly advanced within the years and can be used for many things. Although cell phones have many great and convenient features, their usage in school should be banned because teens ignore the enforced rules, it can be used to cheat, and most have a camera feature that can be used to take inappropriate pictures of others. Teens these days are very â€Å"rebellious† in my opinion. Most don’t like being told what to do and like to be independent.So, when they know that there are rules in school against having cell phones around with you throughout the day, they ignore them because they always think they will never get caught. Teens can be very sneaky with what they do and can hide things easily. They know that the worst that can happen is having their phone taken away for the rest of the school day and then getting it back after. S ome schools could enforce the rule all day but, â€Å"Kids kind of roll their eyes, and I’m sure they have it out again 10 or 15 feet down the hall,† high school teacher Ed Stried remarked.Many schools allowed to have their phones collected in the beginning of the day and then at assigned times, students are able to use their cell phones, like during Study Hall, or lunch break. Many have found this unsuccessful because kids ignore it and can pretend that they did not have a cell phone on them and hide them through the day, sending texts or pictures. Teachers should not allow this because it can be such a distraction. Their phones should be checked and kept in their locker until school is over.Taking pictures brings me to my next point. Many new phones today have a built in camera feature that allows people to easily take a â€Å"quick-pic† anytime without bringing a whole different device, such as a digital camera. Despite its handy uses, this cool feature can b e used inappropriately. Bullying is also a major issue in school and it comes in many forms, like cyber bullying which includes through phones. Students, if allowed to use their cell phone at anytime throughout a school day, can also take pictures at anytime.Some may be used to shoot a memorable moment, and some may be used to take an embarrassing picture of someone. Many teens are on social networks, always posting updates and uploading pictures of their whereabouts. Many cellular devices allow a quick share feature that can upload the photo that you took straight onto your website. Students can take an advantage of this and may have intentions of not being nice to others in school. They can easily take a picture to make fun of someone or harass them and post it right away on Facebook for example.Having phones allowed to be used during school can cause other dangerous issues and can pose for serious consequences. These serious consequences can also take part when kids do the wrong things with the ability to text and take pictures. One major problem that usage in schools can lead to is cheating. Again, with a camera, kids can take pictures of tests or quizzes to share with other students who have it later in the day. They can also easily get away with texting their friends because most can text without looking at the keyboard.Another important thing is that you can also access the internet. They not only could go to inappropriate websites but also look up answers right in the palm of their hands. Yes, students can enjoy the freedom of being able to text their parents a quick message or check their email but this is unfair to all the students who do not cheat and work really hard studying, so this can be a real problem. Overall, being able to use a cell phone in school can lead to serious issues with students.It should be banned because students ignore the rules, can be used to take pictures inappropriately, and to cheat and/or share answers with others. The re sult of banning cell phone use in school will help maintain a safe and distraction-free atmosphere that all students can enjoy. Source Citation: â€Å"Schools continue to deal with cellular misbehaving. † Janesville Gazette [Janesville, WI] 5 Dec. 2010. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 26 Apri. 2012. â€Å"EDITORIAL: Policy on cell phone use effective. † Daily News [Bowling Green, KY] 30 Oct. 2009. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 26 Apri. 2012.

The Atomic Bombing Of Japan - 1228 Words

The people of America are the one nation in world’s history to subject many human beings to the atomic bombs purposely. That fact is well known to many people, but too little Americans think that the atomic bombing of Japan by the U.S. in August of 1945 in such cautious terms. Before the bombings occurred, there was a debate which was limited to the few top officials who knew of the secret of â€Å"tube alloys† and secret â€Å"S-1†. Once there was an announcement of the bombings, those who were amongst the war, overall accepted these acts had properly vanquished the destructive Japanese who forced the U.S. into war through their infamous sneak attack on Pearl Harbor years before. The Japanese no longer seem apparent and multiple people have an†¦show more content†¦They can be argued unrealistically because the Japanese were about to put up a white flag. Document Q clearly states â€Å"The Japanese were already defeated and ready to surrender,† t his just shows that the not everyone is prepared for revenge. Finally, they can be argued with a wrong political aspect because of their far from positive implications for consecutive United States arms control, topography, and proper credibility. There are multiple different evils, which vary that inherent in the atomic bombings of Japan. On the level of humanity, the pain, death, and suffering that were involved, was horrendous and appalling. But in a majority of those â€Å"evils†, Nagasaki and Hiroshima do not stand alone. In terms of annihilation of both property and lives, the bombings are on an equal term with the intense ordinary bombings of such cities like Dresden and Tokyo. As Lester Bernstein states in Document F, â€Å"The day was August 6, 1945. I was a G.I. who had weathered the war in Europe and now awaited my place in the storming of Japan’s home islands,† this shows that the bombings were not just aiming for one specific place but was going to keep going, keep going with a reason of course. If these horrendous acts were going to be considered outside the situation of war, they would certainly be taken as a great moral act of evil. It doesn’t take one great imagination to see that t he components of evil that is within the conditions of World War II. The horrific atomic